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Gallbladder What to Know

Anatomy

  • The gallbladder is a small organ that stores bile, a fluid produced by the liver that helps digest fats.

  • It is located under the liver on the right side of the abdomen.

  • The gallbladder is about 4 inches long and has a pear shape.

    • Functions

  • The main function of the gallbladder is to store bile.

  • When food enters the small intestine, the gallbladder contracts and releases bile into the small intestine.

  • Bile helps break down fats in food so that they can be absorbed.

    • Gallbladder problems

  • Gallstones: Gallstones are the most common gallbladder problem.

  • They form when cholesterol, bilirubin, and other substances crystallize in the bile.

  • Gallstones can cause pain, nausea, and vomiting.

  • Cholecystitis: Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder. It can be caused by gallstones, infection, or other conditions.

  • Symptoms of cholecystitis include pain, fever, and chills.

  • Gallbladder cancer: Gallbladder cancer is a rare type of cancer that starts in the gallbladder.

  • Symptoms of gallbladder cancer include pain, jaundice, and weight loss.

    • Treatment

    The treatment for gallbladder problems depends on the specific problem.

    Gallstones

  • If gallstones are small and do not cause symptoms, treatment may not be necessary.

  • However, if gallstones are large or cause symptoms, treatment may include medication, surgery, or both.

    • Cholecystitis

  • Treatment for cholecystitis may include antibiotics, pain relievers, and surgery.

    • Gallbladder cancer

  • Treatment for gallbladder cancer may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

    • Prevention

    There is no sure way to prevent gallbladder problems.

    However, some things you can do to reduce your risk include:

  • Maintain a healthy weight.

  • Eat a healthy diet low in fat and cholesterol.

  • Get regular exercise.

    Summary

    The gallbladder is a small organ that stores bile, a fluid produced by the liver that helps digest fats.

    Gallstones, cholecystitis, and gallbladder cancer are common gallbladder problems.

    The treatment for gallbladder problems depends on the specific problem.

    There is no sure way to prevent gallbladder problems, but some things you can do to reduce your risk include maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet, and getting regular exercise.

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